何：您是哪一年来到北美的？

　　陈：我是2017年8月份来的北美，所以到现在已经是7个学年结束了。在这个七年当中，我一直担任AP物理的教学，同时也是班主任，今年6月份我带的第三届学生马上要毕业了。

Andy: I came to SNA in August 2017, so it has been 7 years since then. During these seven years, I have been teaching AP Physics and also serving as the homeroom teacher. In June of this year, the third class of students I led will soon graduate.

　　何：您在北美这么多年感触最深的变化是什么呢？

Edear: What is the most profound change you have experienced in SNA over the years?

　　陈：我觉得是教育领域的变化。我本身是国内教育体系出身，所以对于体制内体制外教育的明显差别还是有所感受。体制内教育的特点是要求知识学得越多要好，但我接触体制外教学后对于体制内教育的理解是有点空白、无为无效，这些所学的知识在工作毕业之后的帮助并不大，很多东西也是用不着的。爱因斯坦说过一句话：什么叫教育？教育就是等毕业之后把所学的东西忘掉之后说留下的东西。所以体制内教育中，为了填充知识，牺牲了很多学生对科学的体验。等到最后，学生将知识遗忘过后，也没有留下体验的经历，就只剩下一片空白，给学生的人生带来的变化是很少的。因此，我认为，知识填充的太多，让学生对学习产生一种利用感，例如有些体制内学生在毕业后就把书撕掉、烧掉了，这就是典型的被迫学习。

Andy: I think it's a change in the field of education. I have a background in the domestic education system, so I still have some feelings about the significant differences in education within and outside the system. The characteristic of education within the system is that the more knowledge one learns, the better. However, after being exposed to teaching outside the system, my understanding of education within the system is somewhat blank and ineffective. The knowledge learned does not provide much help after graduation from work, and many things are also unnecessary. Einstein once said, "What is education?"? Education is what remains after forgetting what one has learned after graduation. So in the education system, in order to fill in knowledge, many students have sacrificed their experience with science. In the end, students forget their knowledge and do not leave any experiential experiences, leaving only a blank space, which brings very little change to their lives. Therefore, I believe that filling too much knowledge can create a sense of utilization for students in learning. For example, in some systems, students tear up or burn books after graduation, which is a typical case of forced learning.

　　其实教育当中，学习，或者说是对知识的理解，所谓的文科、理科、数学能力、语言能力，这些只是一方面的能力。现在有一种理论叫作多元智能，指的是人拥有许多方面的智能，例如音乐智能、身体协调智能，有的人可以当运动员，有的人不能当；有的人跳舞跳得很好，有的人就不会跳；再比如说人际沟通能力，这也是一种智能。有的人很会来事，跟同学很和谐很协调，能够组织协调同学们一起做事，但有些人就做不到。所以这些都是智能，是人的能力，如果我们只盯着学生学习方面的东西去培养的话，学生其他会对人生有影响力的智能是没有被考察和培养的，甚至是被忽略的，所以这其实就是说教育的一个片面性。所以我感受到的在教育方面最大的改变是教育的成长性。我们北美的学生是幸运的，因为我们老师并没有让学生一天到晚学习，而是留有一些空间。空间是学生自己创造出来的，在这段空闲的时间里，学生可以去探索自己喜欢的东西，而这些喜欢的东西很可能就是学生以后从事的东西。很多学生并不喜欢自己的专业，在毕业之后还是会回到自己真正喜欢的事情，这些喜欢做的事情很可能是学生们一辈子的体验。所以现在如果有时间去提前探索、了解、培养，对学生未来会是一件很有益的事情。

In fact, in education, learning, or in other words, understanding of knowledge, is only one aspect of ability, including humanities, science, mathematics, and language skills. There is now a theory called multiple intelligences, which refers to people having many aspects of intelligence, such as musical intelligence and body coordination intelligence. Some people can be athletes, while others cannot; Some people dance very well, while others don't know how to dance; For example, interpersonal communication skills are also a form of intelligence. Some people are very good at getting things done, and they are very harmonious and coordinated with their classmates. They can organize and coordinate their classmates to do things together, but some people cannot do it. So these are all intelligence, human abilities. If we only focus on cultivating students in terms of learning, other intelligence that will have an impact on life will not be tested and cultivated, or even ignored. Therefore, this is actually a one-sided aspect of education. So the biggest change I feel in education is the growth of education. Our North American students are fortunate because our teachers do not allow students to study all day long, but rather leave some space. Space is created by students themselves, and during this free time, students can explore things they like, which may be what they will engage in in the future. Many students do not like their majors, and after graduation, they will still return to the things they truly enjoy, which may be a lifelong experience for students. So if there is time now to explore, understand, and cultivate in advance, it will be very beneficial for students in the future.

　　何：您觉得您的上课风格是怎样的呢？

Edear:What do you think is your teaching style?

　　陈：关于上课风格，我想用三个R开头的单词来形容。第一个是Relationship，第二个是Routine，第三个是Resource。

Andy: Regarding class style, I would like to use three words starting with R. The first one is Relationship, the second one is Routine, and the third one is Resource.

　　第一个Relationship，就是指我们师生的关系。我认为课堂模式与师生关系是息息相关的。我并不把自己定义为高高在上的一个老师，我尊重学生，且我们的关系是平等的。在上课的时候，学生想发表什么言论，想用什么坐姿听课，用iPad或者纸笔记笔记都是学生自己的选择，我都会尊重，这也就是平等的关系。所以我并不是用一种压制性的方式去让学生学习，而是让学生自己建构的。什么叫学习？学习是本来脑海里没有这个东西，老师去展示一个理论，然后学生在脑海中建构出对这个理论的理解。就比如对物理公式的理解只能发生在学生的脑海当中，而非单纯的传输信息，所以这个过程必须是由学生自己完成，而非我的一味填充。我只能是在平等的，尊重学生学习习惯的情况下，给学生一些轻松的氛围和松弛感。

The first “Relationship” refers to the relationship between our teachers and students. I think the classroom model is closely related to the teacher-student relationship. I do not define myself as a superior teacher. I respect my students and our relationship is equal. During class, students have the choice of what kind of speech they want to make, how they want to sit and listen, and whether they use iPads or paper to take notes. I will respect them all, and this is the relationship of equality. So I am not using a suppressive approach to encourage students to learn, but rather allowing them to construct themselves. What is learning? Learning is something that originally didn't exist in the mind. Teachers present a theory, and then students construct their understanding of the theory in their minds. For example, the understanding of physical formulas can only occur in the minds of students, rather than simply transmitting information, so this process must be completed by students themselves, rather than just filling it in. I can only provide students with a relaxed atmosphere and a sense of relaxation while maintaining equality and respecting their learning habits.

　　第二个是Routine。虽然我们师生之间的关系是平等的，但课堂上一定会有一些规定和强调的事项。比如说，每个学生的学习方式是不一样的。有的人擅长视觉型学习，有的人擅长听觉型学习，每个人擅长的处理信息的方式都不一样，所以我在课堂上的要求就是首先一定要认真听讲，接着是一定要写笔记。虽然现在科技很发达，课堂上的内容我都可以以PPT的形式打印分发给大家，但我仍觉得记笔记是学习中非常重要的环节之一，毕竟也并不是看一遍PPT就能看懂。所以现在我的课堂规则还是一种传统的学习方式，我要求学生从头到尾自己记笔记，自己画图，自己写概念，通过各方维度如视觉和听觉，辅以自己脑海中的思考，将知识从各个角度输入到脑海中，让学生能够更好地学习。

The second one is “Routine”. Although the relationship between teachers and students is equal, there will always be some regulations and emphasized matters in the classroom. For example, each student's learning style is different. Some people are good at visual learning, while others are good at auditory learning. Each person is good at processing information in a different way, so my requirement in the classroom is to first listen carefully, and then make sure to take notes. Although technology is very advanced now, and I can print and distribute classroom content in the form of PPTs to everyone, I still believe that taking notes is one of the very important parts of learning, after all, it is not easy to understand just by looking at a PPT. So now my classroom rules are still a traditional way of learning. I require students to take notes, draw pictures, and write concepts from start to finish, using various dimensions such as visual and auditory, supplemented by their own thoughts, to input knowledge into their minds from various perspectives, so that students can learn better.

　　第三个是Resource。第一，除了课堂时间之外，课后我也会给学生许多学习资源和学习资料，例如自学的教辅书。如果有些学生学习速度很快，自己也可以看教辅书提前预习起来。第二，每一章的内容我都录制了视频，无论学生是上课没跟上，还是请假没来，或者是想在考试前来复习一下，都可以查看视频来查漏补缺。所以在资源这一块，我会给大家提供足够的支撑。

The third one is “Resource”. Firstly, in addition to classroom time, I also provide students with many learning resources and materials after class, such as self- study teaching aids. If some students learn quickly, they can also read teaching aids to preview in advance. Secondly, I have recorded videos of each chapter's content. Whether students are not keeping up with class, absent from class, or want to review before exams, they can view the videos to check for any gaps and make up for them. So in terms of resources, I will provide everyone with sufficient support.

　　何：有没有什么让您印象特别深刻的学生？

Edear: Are there any students who have left a particularly deep impression on you?

　　陈：有的，是2022年的毕业生小C。她使我印象深刻是因为她第一次进我课堂时化了很浓的妆，当时我感觉她就不是学习很好的类型，属于是刻板印象吧，就是一个爱美但不一定爱学习的形象。但接触下来，我发现她的成绩是班里最好的，笔记是班级记得最好的，作业也是写得最认真的。这个学生带给我的影响就是让我明白不能给学生贴标签，不能因为一方面原因就去给学生定性。或许这个学生就是喜欢化妆呢？人有多方面的喜好，我认为我们应该更开放地看待学生，尊重学生的喜好。也许认真化妆这一把自己变得很美的方法难度并不比学习简单，她可以把这个事情做好，代表她也可以把其他事情做好，从而做到学习好。所以这个学生让我印象特别深刻，也启发我不要因为某些表现就去直接贸然否定一个学生，我们需要去发现学生身上更多的可能性。

Andy: Yes, it is a 2022 graduate named C. She left a deep impression on me because she put on a lot of makeup when she first entered my classroom. At that time, I felt that she was not a good learner, just as the stereotype, an image that loved beauty but not necessarily learning. But through exposure, I found that her grades were the best in the class, her notes were the best remembered in the class, and her homework was also the most serious. The impact this student has had on me is to make me understand that I cannot label students and cannot categorize them solely for one reason. Perhaps this student just likes makeup? People have various preferences, and I believe we should approach students more openly and respect their preferences. Perhaps the difficulty of applying makeup seriously to become beautiful is not as simple as learning. She can do this well, which means she can also do other things well, thus achieving good learning. So this student left a deep impression on me and also inspired me not to directly negate a student just because of certain behaviors. We need to discover more possibilities in the student.

　　何：您觉得您课上和课后有没有反差？

Edear: Do you think there is a contrast between in class and after class?

　　陈：可以说是有吧，这也是人的多面性，没有一个人是只有一面的。举个例子，现在比较流行的区分e人和i人，难道世界上就只有e人和i人吗？e人是永远在说话的而i人就是永远不说话吗？这其实就是一种标签化。这个e人i人是来自MBTI人格测试，它将人分为4个维度，每个维度有两个分类，所以一共会有16种类型。有些学校、职场也会用MBTI测试来测学生或员工的人格类型，从而判断其适合什么样的工作。这确实有一定的参考价值，但并不是绝对的，因为人也是不断变化的，充满多样性的。我在课上为了控制整个课堂而表现出的一面，和我私底下和学生一对一的时候展现出来的是不一样的，因为场景是不一样的。通过我的例子也想提醒大家，不要给自己贴标签从而限制了自己，现在大部分人是用名词来理解这个世界的，但实际上人是会变化的。不应该简单地把人分成内向和外向，一个内向的人就不能说话了吗？并不是的，一个外表沉稳的人也可以发表很外向很强大的言论。所以并不能用标签来束缚自己，不要将自己活成一个名词，而是要活成一个动词。对一个人产生最大影响的还是人自己的动作行为。与其说自己是一个怎样的人，而只能做出怎样的事，不如反过来看自己可以做什么事，从而将自己活成动词，用自己的目标和动作来看待自己和别人，而不是简单的几个标签。

Andy: It can be said that there is, this is also the multifaceted nature of human beings, no one has only one side. For example, nowadays, it is popular to distinguish between the extroverted and the introverted. Is that there are only extroverted people and introverted people in the world? Is the extroverted always talking while the introverted never speaks? This is actually a form of labeling. This distinguishment of the extroverted or the introverted is from the MBTI personality test, which divides people into four dimensions, each with two classifications, so there will be a total of 16 types. Some schools and workplaces also use MBTI tests to test the personality types of students or employees, in order to determine what kind of job they are suitable for. This does have some reference value, but it is not absolute because people are also constantly changing and full of diversity. The aspect of my performance in class to control the entire class is different from what I showed in private when I was one-on-one with students, because the scene is different. Through my example, I also want to remind everyone not to label themselves and limit themselves. Nowadays, most people understand the world through nouns, but in reality, people can change. Shouldn't people be simply divided into introverted and extroverted? Can't an introverted person speak anymore? Not really, a person with a calm appearance can also make very outgoing and powerful statements. So we cannot use labels to constrain ourselves, do not live as a noun, but live as a verb. What has the greatest impact on a person is their own actions and behaviors. Instead of talking about who you are and what you can only do, it's better to look at what you can do in reverse and live yourself as a verb, using your goals and actions to view yourself and others, rather than just a few labels.

　　何：您对想学AP物理的学生有什么建议？

Edear: What suggestions do you have for students who want to learn AP Physics C: Mechanics?

　　陈：一开始，有的同学会害怕物理，觉得看不懂物理公式。实际上，任何一个学科，包括物理，在学习的过程中都应当先把框架搭好。比如当我们研究一条鱼时，我们应当先把鱼的整个骨头搭好，再把鱼骨头上的肉填充上去，这也就是提纲挈领，而不是零散的捡拾细节。学习一个学科就像是研究一片森林，千万不能只盯着一棵树、两棵树去看，而是要先俯瞰，将这个森林分成不一样的区域，归纳每块区域有什么特点，最后才关注细节。在我们AP物理C力学中，总而言之就是研究运动和力的关系。力学这整个学科就是分为两种运动，一种是频动，一种是转动，这两大块运动就是整个学科的框架。从框架入手，便可以研究运动的性质和力学特征，还可以从动量、能量展开研究。像这样从大到小、从主到次地学习，便可以将整个学科学习下来。这种学习方法不仅适用于物理，也适用于许多学科。例如在理解历史的过程中，可以把握历史发展的内涵逻辑，再去分析历史中许多的矛盾与解决方案，知识的梳理便会更加清楚。因此，我也建议同学们，无论之后学习什么专业，每个专业都可以采用这样类似的方法。先找到这门学科的大方向，再去深究细节。现在网络化发展迅速，ChatGPT可以随时给人类提供细节，我们也随时可以查到。但人类比ChatGPT更厉害的是人类拥有对整个事物的一个整体认识，拥有对人性的认知和对整个世界的一个世界观的认识，这是目前机器还不能达到的。人工智能拥有的是读偶信息，我们唯一能战胜人工智能的方式就是不去死记硬背信息，而是理解整个世界运行的逻辑。

Andy: At first, some students may be afraid of physics and feel that they cannot understand physics formulas. In fact, any discipline, including physics, should first have a framework in place during the learning process. For example, when studying a fish, we should first set up the entire bone of the fish, and then fill the meat on the bone. This is to outline the main idea, rather than picking up details scattered. Learning a subject is like studying a forest. You can't just stare at one or two trees, but first look down, divide the forest into different areas, summarize the characteristics of each area, and finally pay attention to the details. In our AP Physics C: Mechanics, in summary, it is the study of the relationship between motion and force. The whole discipline of mechanics is divided into two types of motion, one is Linear motion and the other is rotation, and these two large movements form the framework of the entire discipline. Starting from the framework, we can study the properties and mechanical characteristics of motion, as well as explore momentum and energy. By studying from big to small, from main to secondary, one can learn the entire subject. This learning method is not only applicable to physics, but also to many disciplines. For example, in the process of understanding history, one can grasp the connotation and logic of historical development, and then analyze many contradictions and solutions in history, which will make the sorting of knowledge clearer. Therefore, I also suggest that students, no matter what major they study in the future, can adopt similar methods for each major. First, find the general direction of this discipline, and then delve into the details. Nowadays, with the rapid development of networking, ChatGPT can provide details to humans at any time, and we can also check them at any time. But what makes humans more powerful than ChatGPT is that they have a holistic understanding of the entire thing, a perception of human nature, and a worldview of the entire world, which machines currently cannot achieve. Artificial intelligence possesses the ability to read even information, and the only way we can overcome it is not to memorize information by rote, but to understand the logic of the entire world's operation.

　　结语：

Conclusion:

　　在采访中，陈华华老师强调了教育领域的变革与个性化学习的重要性。他指出了传统体制内教育体系中过度填鸭式教学的局限性，强调了学生多元智能的重要性。陈华华老师认为，教育应该是一种体验，而不仅仅是知识的灌输。他通过丰富的教学经验，提倡学生自主探索、理解和运用知识的过程。此外，陈华华老师还分享了自己在教学中的三个原则：Relationship、Routine和Resource。他强调了与学生之间平等的关系，鼓励学生通过自主学习的规律性来培养综合能力，并提供丰富的学习资源支持学生的发展。最后，陈华华老师分享了自己对学习方法的见解，强调了建立学科框架和理解整体概念的重要性，鼓励学生在学习过程中注重全面发展和深度理解，而不是简单地死记硬背。

In the interview, Teacher Andy Chen emphasized the importance of changes in the field of education and personalized learning. He pointed out the limitations of excessive cramming in the traditional education system and emphasized the importance of students' multiple intelligences. Teacher Andy believes that education should be an experience, not just the imparting of knowledge. He advocates for students to explore, understand, and apply knowledge independently through his rich teaching experience. In addition, Teacher Andy also shared three principles of his teaching: Relationship, Routing, and Resource. He emphasized the equal relationship with students, encouraged them to cultivate comprehensive abilities through the regularity of self-directed learning, and provided abundant learning resources to support their development. Finally, Teacher Andy shared his insights on learning methods, emphasizing the importance of establishing a disciplinary framework and understanding overall concepts, encouraging students to focus on comprehensive development and deep understanding in the learning process, rather than simply memorizing.