我们都知道，食物是我们日常生活中最基本的需求之一，但在世界的许多地方仍然非常稀缺。当我们思考农业及其与环境的关系时，首先浮现在我们脑海中的总是积极的看法。然而，农业真的只对环境有利吗?事实并非如此。农业也可能对环境造成损害。本文将向您展示农业对环境的积极和消极影响。

As we know, food is one of the most basic needs in our daily lives and is still really scarce in many parts of the world. When we are thinking about agriculture and its relationship with the environment, positive views always appear in our brains first. However, is it true that agriculture only brings the environment benefits? Actually, it is not. The agriculture can also bring damage to the environment. This passage will show you how agriculture relates to the environment in positive and negative aspects.

　　从积极的一面来看，如果农田能够得到良好的保护和管理，许多栖息地可以得到保存和保护。例如，蚯蚓。这种动物生活在深层、湿润的土壤中，通常可以在农田里看到。它也喜欢生活在富含堆肥的土壤中。堆肥是农民用来提高土壤质量、促进作物生长和杀死害虫的一种特殊土壤。蚯蚓主要吃一些有机物质，包括可在农田中容易找到的碎屑和一些微生物。此外，农田的存在可以保护流域。油籽覆盖作物在秋季和春季容易丧失氮，而在冬季，一年生覆盖作物可以使用前一作物剩余的氮和磷，防止它们污染水体。

On the positive side, if the fields can be well preserved and managed, many habitats can be stored and protected by it. For example, the earthworm. This kind of animal lives in deep, moist soil, which can be commonly seen in the agricultural field. Also, it prefers to live in compost-rich soil. Compost is a special kind of soil used by farmers to promote soil quality, growth of crops, and killing pests. The earthworm mainly eats some organic material, including detritus and some microorganisms which can easily be found in the fields. Moreover, the existence of agricultural farmlands can protect the watershed. The oilseed cover crops tend to have nitrogen loss during fall and spring, and in winter, the annual cover crops can use the leftover nitrogen and phosphorous from previous crops and prevent them from contaminating bodies of water.

　　从消极的一面来看，农业可以污染环境。使用农药和化肥是主要原因之一。过去，为了有效地消灭田间的害虫，农民倾向于使用化学农药。然而，随着时间的推移，许多种昆虫对农药产生了抗药性。至于化肥，主要是用来加快作物的生长，但几十年后，土壤的养分需求增加了。结果，土壤依赖于这些相对昂贵的化肥。

From the negative aspect, agriculture can pollute the environment. The usage of pesticides and fertilizers is one of the main causes. In the past, in order to kill the pests in the field efficiently, the farmers tend to use chemical pesticides. However, as time goes by, many kinds of insects became resistant to the pesticides. And as for fertilizers, it was used mainly to make crops grow faster but after several decades, the soil's nutrient demands escalated. As a result, it has relied upon the fertilizers, which are quite expensive for the farmers.

　　那么农药和化肥是如何影响环境的呢?由于它们会残留在土壤中，因此会有持久的影响。由于水循环，土壤中的这些化学物质会与水混合，并渗入地下，导致河流和溪流被污染。

And how do pesticides and fertilizers affect the environment? Since they are retained in the soil, they have a longlasting effect. By virtue of the water cycle, these chemicals present in the soil mix with the water and seep into the ground, which leads the rivers and streams to become contaminated.

　　总之，农业可以为人类提供可靠的食物来源，这意味着我们永远无法摆脱它。但有时我们必须防止这种情况发生。为此，人们需要仔细研究，并找到最适合的方法来减少农业带来的伤害。

To sum up, agriculture can provide humans with reliable food sources, which means that we can never get rid of this. But sometimes we have to prevent this situation from happening. To achieve this, people need to do research carefully and find the most appropriate way to reduce the harm brought by agriculture.

　　关于作者：Osman 是 G11-7（2）班的一名学生。作为 SNA 环境科学俱乐部的成员，他喜欢阅读有关农业和营养科学的书籍。在他的空闲时间里，他喜欢打高尔夫、游泳、拳击和阅读。

About the author: Osman is a student from Grade 11-7(2). As a member of the SNA Environmental Science Club, he likes to read about agriculture and nutrient science, During his free time, he likes to play golf,swimming, boxing and reading.